8 Decision making
The activation excitation U is formed mainly by the
receptor systems, when the automaton sees or hears the situation just
expected. Sometimes it is enough simply to wait the expected situation
(e.g., at the sonic perception of known texts). Nevertheless in other
cases the expected situation must be found in the environment or must
be made by means of some actions. Actions may be the responsible or
irresponsible ones. Irresponsible actions do not vary the external
environment. The main irresponsible actions are: (1) to look at
anywhere of the visual scene for the search of the object needed, and
(2) to speak without voice. The responsible actions are irreversible or
involve a penalty for wrong action. The decision making mechanism
diminishes the probability of wrong responsible actions. To make a
responsible action, the automaton should overcome a certain action
threshold: the confidence of success should overcome the level of
caution. An action takes place when the corresponding motor element of
memory, i.e., a special ensemble "action", starts. The motor elements
for irresponsible action can work at small emotional (and,
respectively, motor) tones. For the responsible actions one needs a
high tone, which is created when qc does not retreat before the neuronal batch, but
stays motionless or even moves towards the batch. While the ensemble
"action" is not turned on, qc
retreats, restraining the growth of tone, otherwise qc does not retreat, and
tone grows. The turning on of the ensemble "action" means that
automaton has made a decision. The ensemble "action" is controlled by
two special memory ensembles: "necessarily" and "carefully". Its main
source of excitation is formed from the evaluation of the paragraph,
from the growth rate of "well", that is dQ(t)/dt. This rate reflects a
degree of confidence that solution found is right or, at least, the
best from possible. The value of excitation for the ensemble "action"
should exceed the value of inhibition from the ensemble "carefully". To
the excitation due to action of dQ(t)/dt the excitation from the
ensemble "necessarily" is added, that hastens the automaton, compels it
to make action quicker. Great values of excitation from the ensemble
"necessarily" reduce the demands to the decision quality: the
satisfactory one becomes sufficient instead of the best one.
A paragraph is characterized by its dQ(t)/dt value, which
depends on the composition of HE's {Si} at the moment t3. This
composition actually represents the outlining variant of decision and
the degree of its conformity to the current conditions of the external
environment. An action is preceded by many paragraphs-variants, which
are being compared by their dQ(t)/dt values. Consecutive paragraphs
have a succession in their {Si} at the moment t2, therefore
they should provide a convergence to the good paragraphs. This means,
that physiological process of emotional optimization should prove to be
a process of heuristic selection of behavior variants in the terms of
external environment description language. This process of heuristic
selection tends to converge to the best (at the given conditions)
variants. Succession and convergence are provided by several properties:
1. EW, was acting in the HF-generation mode, initially
goes out of game due to the rise of its neurons' Ps,
but then, in some paragraphs, it increases its excitability because of
negative values of Ps owing to the postanodal
exaltation. Hence, this EW will come into the group {Si} at the moment t2 in a
succeeding paragraph.
2. In the EW's, which worked in the LF-generation mode and
couldn't overcome the refractoriness threshold, the conductivities of
internal links will increase, that will increase these EW's
excitabilities in the next paragraphs.
3. Non-working EW's, which have received great excitatory
potentials due to associative links from active EW's, have a good
chance to join to the next paragraph group {Si} at the moment t2.
4. Non-working EW's, which have received a sufficient
excitation from the receptor systems during the active phase of the
paragraph (seen, heard), also will have chance in the next paragraph.
5. The final formation of a desire takes place at the
interval [t2,t3]. The
possibility for various EW's to come into the group {Si} at the moment t2 due to
enumerated properties is great enough. But, as far as the size of {Si} at the moment t3 is much less than the size of {Si} at the moment t2, EW's have a
few chances to come into the wish. At the interval [t2,t3] a hard struggle takes place between EW's, which
results in the victory of the EW's group, having the greatest mutual
aid due to associative links. This conflict is hidden from conscience,
however it is the main kitchen of the automaton's brain.
